| Specification: | Processing COOPER ORE
Cupper or Copper berlambang Cu element comes from the Greek language means Cyprus Kypros or red. Copper is one of the two metals on earth other than gold or red colors, have a number 29 with the Atomic density 8.92 g/ cm3. Pure copper melt at a temperature of 1083 ° C and will be a steam or boiling at a temperature of 2567 ° C at normal pressure.
Elements in the Periodic System entry in the IB, the one with the silver and gold, which means that copper is one of the noble metal, it' s because the low level kereaktifannya.
• The nature-the nature of copper, among others:
1. Strong and Ulet
2. Can be incused
3. Corrosion-resistant
4. Penghantar electricity and heat well
5. Metals that are less active
The most important copper ore is a sulfide such as kalkosit and kalkopirit. Copper mining in Indonesia are found in Papua ( irja) , North Sulawesi, West Java and other regions in Indonesia.
• Use of Copper
1. To live wire
2. To create a composite metal
Such as:
• Kupronikel, consisting of 75% Cu and Ni 25% , to make the coins.
• Duralium, consisting of Al-96% Cu and 4% , for aircraft components.
• Kuningan, consists of Cu 70% Zn and 30% , for a variety of musical instruments and accessories.
• bronze, consists of Cu 95% Sn and 5% , to create sculptures and Ornament
Copper ( II) sulphate, CuSO4.5H2O known by the name of blue vitriol or terusi used as a fungicide, such as the swimming pool. Other uses is in the purification of copper and copper penyepuhan.
Copper in nature as there are:
• sulfide, such as chalcopite, bronit, chalcocite, covelite.
• oxide, such as cuprite, ferronite
For processing into copper mineral copper rod known tiger 2 ways, namely:
A. Phyrometalurgi
Is a processing base with mineral hot. The core of this process is the processing with copper through a process that aims to change the polluter sulfide compound oxide or a process called Roasting
CuFeS2 + 9 O2 into 2Cu2S + 2 Fe2O3 + 6 SO2
In the chemical equation above shows that the process aims to change Roasting Iron sulfide into iron oxide, while still Copper sulfide. Diubahnya iron sulfide into iron oxide is in the process so that the next merger or smelting, copper sulfide melt will leave the iron oxide that drip liquid and higher akan abandoned slag as polluter, while copper has a melt down will go down because of the type of copper is higher of iron oxide. The sequence of the process as follows:
1. Copper ore mashed with rock instruments peremuk
2. Ore mixed with water so that the slurry form
3. Slurry tank entered the cell to the purpose flotasi with the separation of mineral polluter
4. Retrieved concentrate forms of Cu in Cu content with a high
5. Information is processed in the factory pengawa-airan ( dewatering plant) to remove water with:
• Filter Play
• Drying up in Cu concentrate can be dried
6. Roasting or toaster reduction process aims to polluter
7. Extraction of pure copper with the copper concentrate:
• Prometalurgi
• Elektrolisis ( with electric current)
However, in line with advances in technology, process Phyrometalurgi have not applied for processing copper, then known as a more economical process for copper that is hidrometalurgi. Phyrometalurgi still be used but used in processing, mineral processing, such as Nickel, Manganese, etc. chrom.
B. Hidrometalurgi
Hidrometalurgi is a process of processing copper from natural rock with the water based on the pengolahnya, but the purpose of water is not water but the water was mixed with an acid as a reduktor. Hidrometalurgi used because the benefits-the benefits are:
o The cost of processing the low -
o Recovery of
o The process is relatively simple processing
o Investment tool that allows low so that the acceleration BEP
o The process of processing a relatively short
In this process is used as an acid sulphate reduktor namely acid ( H2SO4) that is easily available and low cost processing. Dipakainya acid sulphate as pereduktor aim is to form copper sulphate ( CuSO4.5H2O) . Copper is an element that is very easy to form a sulfide. Therefore acid sulphate is used as an option. The process is as follows:
o Firstly copper boulder destroyed to be a mess until smooth.
o Then place on a tube made of acid resistant material ( plastic, fiber, etc.) and added water with a certain size.
o Then add concentrated acid sulphate while stirred in order to form copper sulphate solution ( CuSO4.5H2O) .
o After the copper sulphate solution form move in a tube elektrolisis that aims to take the copper ion from copper sulphate solution that the process pengasaman.
o Gradually take copper attached to the cathode, and the results of copper cathode is pure copper.
o The results of cathode copper ready for smelting process in the copper smelting oven that is capable of producing a temperature 1300 ° C.
From the description above can be concluded that the processing for copper minerals at this time is the best and cheapest cost of production is the process that hidrometalurgi proceed with the process of electrolysis and then proceed with the merger process.
That is why we suggest that the process hidrometalurgi and elektrolisis which we will apply the technology for processing rock from Indonesia because this process is applied for the right type of rock from Indonesia. |
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